Bosnian Serb Lawmakers Stall EU Accession Efforts
Bosnian Serb Lawmakers Hinder EU Accession Efforts
Lawmakers from the Serb Republic in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) have ordered Serb representatives in state institutions to block decisions and reforms necessary for BiH’s progress toward European Union membership.
Background: Dayton Agreement and Political Tensions
Under the Dayton Treaty that ended the ethnic war in the 1990s, BiH was divided into two autonomous regions:
- The Serb Republic
- The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, dominated by Croats and Bosniaks.
These regions are connected by a weak central government overseen by an international high representative, a position currently held by Christian Schmidt since 2021.
Serb lawmakers argue that Schmidt’s actions, including the trial of Milorad Dodik, are political and unconstitutional. They claim that the court and prosecution were set up by a peace envoy and not the Dayton Treaty, thus challenging their legitimacy.
International Condemnation
The European Union, United States, and several major powers have condemned the move by the Serb parliament, calling it a direct threat to BiH’s constitutional order and Euro-Atlantic integration.
Joint Statement by International Representatives
The EU Delegation to BiH, the EU Special Representative, and the Embassies of the UK, US, France, Germany, and Italy issued a statement highlighting:
- Support for BiH’s independence, sovereignty, and multiethnic character.
- Recognition of the High Representative’s authority under the Dayton Peace Agreement (DPA) to oversee civilian aspects of the agreement.
The statement reiterated that:
- No entity within BiH has the authority to challenge the primacy of state institutions or laws.
- The recent actions by the Republika Srpska National Assembly (RSNA) undermine state-level institutions and threaten BiH’s Euro-Atlantic aspirations.
Bosnia and Herzegovina’s EU Membership Journey
- EU Membership Application: Submitted in February 2016.
- Candidacy Status: Officially granted on December 15, 2022 by the European Council.
Despite these milestones, actions by the Serb Republic lawmakers highlight ongoing political instability, further complicating BiH’s path toward European integration.
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